While the Y chromosome apparently had as many genes as the Y chromosome about 166 million years ago, it has since shrunk drastically and may possibly be on its way to disappearing altogether.
The prospects of impending demise of a particular chromosome that determines whether a person is born male or female leaves some people wondering whether it might herald the “demise of men”, as Live Science put it.
As the media outlet points out, a person’s sex is essentially determined by a combination of two chromosomes, X and Y, with an XX combo leading to the development of ovaries and an XY combo resulting in the development of testes.
However, while the X chromosome has around 1,000 genes, the Y chromosome has only 45, and research suggests that the latter has actually shrunk over time, the media outlet notes.
Jennifer Graves, a geneticist at La Trobe University in Melbourne, has suggested that the Y chromosome had 1,669 genes some 166 million years ago, the “same as the X-chromosome”.
The Y chromosome shrinking was apparently affected by the fact that while chromosome can avoid passing harmful mutations which genes develop over time, by recombining with one another, the Y chromosome cannot do that due to the lack of a “swapping companion”, unlike the X chromosome.
Graves also noted that the loss of Y chromosome has actually occurred in some species, such as two species of mole voles and three endangered species of spiny rats.
The media outlet points out, however, that even with the loss of the Y chromosome, said species still have males and females, so such development does not “doom survival”.
And as Wilson remarked, while such change is “possible”, it won’t be happening “in our lifetime”.
Sourse: sputniknews.com
