An extreme exoplanet, dubbed WASP-76b, is a gas giant about twice the size of Jupiter located in the constellation of Pisces some 640 light-years from Earth. Astronomers from Geneva University in Switzerland discovered WASP-76b using the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile.
According to astronomers, the ultra-hot giant exoplanet experiences staggering 4,400F (2426 C) temperatures and is tidally locked, meaning that one side of WASP-76b always faces its star and so is hot enough to vaporize metal, ripping the molecules apart into atoms.
According to researchers, extreme conditions on this exoplanet generate strong winds that carry iron vapours to the cooler night side where it “condenses into iron droplets”.
Researchers compare WASP-76b to our own tidally-locked Moon to explain the phenomenon of the molten iron rain. The ‘iron rain’ planet, like the Moon on its orbit around the Earth, is ‘locked’ and takes “as long to rotate around its axis as it does to go around the star”, although the newly-discovered exoplanet is thought to orbit its parent star – a relatively young A-type – at a distance of about 3 percent that of the distance between the Earth and our sun and at an astounding speed of one complete orbit over the equivalent of just two Earth days.
“Surprisingly, however, we do not see the iron vapour in the morning. It is raining iron on the night side of this extreme exoplanet”, Ehrenreich suggested.
According to the study, the striking difference between the two sides of the planet means that local wind gusts can reach upwards of 11,184 miles per hour (18,000 kilometers per hour).
“The observations show that iron vapour is abundant in the atmosphere of the hot day side of WASP-76b. A fraction of this iron is injected into the night side owing to the planet’s rotation and atmospheric winds. There, the iron encounters much cooler environments, condenses and rains down”, according to María Rosa Zapatero Osorio, an astrophysicist at the Centre for Astrobiology, in Madrid, Spain.
Sourse: sputniknews.com
